What are beta-blockers primarily used for?

Beta-blockers are primarily used to manage heart conditions, making them essential agents in treating issues such as hypertension (high blood pressure) and arrhythmias (irregular heartbeats). They work by blocking the effects of epinephrine (adrenaline) on the heart, leading to a decrease in heart rate and a reduction in the force of heart contractions. This action helps lower blood pressure and can stabilize heart rhythms, therefore effectively addressing various cardiovascular problems.

The other options involve different categories of medications. For example, antibiotics or antivirals are typically used to treat infections, while muscle relaxants are effective for relieving muscle spasms. Antihistamines or corticosteroids would be indicated to alleviate allergy symptoms. These varying purposes distinguish beta-blockers from other therapeutic agents used for entirely separate health issues.