When instructing a client on nitroglycerin oral sustained-release capsules, what should the nurse emphasize?

Emphasizing that the capsule should be swallowed whole is essential when instructing a client on nitroglycerin oral sustained-release capsules. This method of administration is crucial for ensuring that the medication is released at the appropriate rate. Sustained-release formulations are designed to dissolve gradually, allowing for a consistent therapeutic effect over time rather than delivering all the medication at once, which could lead to increased side effects or reduced efficacy.

If a patient were to chew the capsule or break it, the sustained-release mechanism would be compromised, leading to rapid absorption of the medication. This could cause a sudden spike in blood levels of nitroglycerin, potentially increasing the risk of side effects such as hypotension or headache. Additionally, taking the capsule with food is not necessary for its effectiveness and may not be advisable, depending on the specific product used, as some medications are affected by the presence of food in the gastrointestinal tract. Therefore, swallowing the capsule whole ensures that the medication is delivered appropriately and effectively, maximizing its therapeutic benefit.